![]() ![]() The liquid oxygen oxidizer could not be stored for long periods of time, increasing the response time as the missile had to be raised out of its silo and loaded with oxidizer before a launch could occur. ![]() The Titan I represented an evolution of technology when compared to the Atlas missile program, but shared many of the Atlas' problems. At the time, this new organization was very controversial. The airframe contractor also would assemble the sub-systems provided by other Air Force contractors. The Air Force was to act as "prime contractor," the Ramo-Woolridge Corporation was contracted to provide systems engineering and technical direction of all ballistic missiles. Schriever devised an entirely new organization for program management. As a result of the ensuing recommendations, the USAF established the Western Development Division and Brigadier General Bernard Schriever was detailed to command it. In response, the Teapot Committee was tasked with evaluating requirements for ballistic missiles and methods of accelerating their development. This had resulted in three badly botched programs the programs of the Snark, Navaho and RASCAL missiles had slipped an average of 5 years and had cost overruns of 300 per cent or more. The previous strategic missile programs of the Air Force had been administered using the "single prime contractor concept" (later called the weapon system concept). ![]() The Titan I was initially designated as a bomber aircraft (B-68), but was later designated SM-68 Titan and finally HGM-25A in 1962. Martin was selected as the contractor due to its proposed organization and method of igniting a liquid fueled engine at high altitude. The Titan was developed in parallel with the Atlas (SM-65/HGM-16) ICBM, serving as a backup with potentially greater capabilities and an incentive for the Atlas contractor to work harder. In early October the Air Force's Western Development Division was ordered to start work. In September 1955, The Martin Company was declared the contractor for the Titan missile. In May 1955 the Air Materiel Command invited contractors to submit proposals and bids for the two stage Titan I ICBM, formally beginning the program. The Titan I would be fully independent in controlled flight from launch to the ballistic release of the warhead, which would descend to its target by the combination of gravity and air resistance alone. The reduction in the mass of nuclear warheads allowed full coverage of the entire Sino-Soviet land mass, and the missile control capabilities were also upgraded. The committee presented to the United States Air Force (USAF) their findings of the technical feasibility to develop weapons (bombs) and their delivery systems (intercontinental range ballistic missiles) that were completely invulnerable to "surprise" attack. The Titan I program began on the recommendation of the Scientific Advisory Committee. nuclear deterrent until 1987 and had increased capacity and range in addition to the different propellants.īy January 1955, the size of nuclear weapons had been shrinking dramatically, allowing the possibility of building a bomb that could be carried by a missile of reasonable size. The succeeding LGM-25C Titan II served in the U.S. Deployment went ahead anyway to more rapidly increase the number of missiles on alert and because the Titan's missile silo basing was more survivable than Atlas. Air Force's SM-65 Atlas missile development ran into problems, the Titan was ultimately beaten into service by Atlas. Originally designed as a backup in case the U.S. The Titan I was unique among the Titan models in that it used liquid oxygen and RP-1 as propellants all subsequent versions used storable propellants instead. Though the SM-68A was operational for only three years, it spawned numerous follow-on models that were a part of the U.S. The Martin Marietta SM-68A/HGM-25A Titan I was the United States' first multistage intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), in use from 1959 until 1962. ![]()
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